ubuntu14.04でRailsをnginx + unicorn環境で動作させるための作業手順

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install nginx

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package nginx is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source

E: Package 'nginx' has no installation candidate

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nginx/stable

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install nginx

user www-data;
worker_processes 4;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

events {
   worker_connections 768;
}

http {

##
# Basic Settings
##

  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush on;
  tcp_nodelay on;
  keepalive_timeout 65;
  types_hash_max_size 2048;

  include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;

##
# Logging Settings
##

  access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
  error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

##
# Gzip Settings
##

  gzip on;
  gzip_disable "msie6";
  gzip_proxied any;
  gzip_http_version 1.1;
  gzip_min_length 500;
  gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

##
# nginx-naxsi config
##
# Uncomment it if you installed nginx-naxsi
##

  #include /etc/nginx/naxsi_core.rules;

##
# nginx-passenger config
##
# Uncomment it if you installed nginx-passenger
##

##
# Unicorn Settings
##
  upstream unicorn {
    server unix:/var/www/railsapp/tmp/unicorn.sock fail_timeout=0;
  }

##
# Virtual Host Configs
##

  include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
  include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}

##
# Unicorn Settings
##
  upstream unicorn {
    server unix:/var/www/railsapp/tmp/unicorn.sock fail_timeout=0;
  }

##
# Unicorn Settings
##
  upstream unicorn {
    server unix:/vagrant/railsapp/tmp/unicorn.sock fail_timeout=0;
  }

##
# Unicorn Settings
##
  upstream unicorn {
    server unix:/tmp/unicorn.sock fail_timeout=0;
  }

server {
  listen 80;

  root /var/www/railsapp;
  index index.html index.htm;

  keepalive_timeout 300;
  client_max_body_size 4G;

  # Make site accessible from http://localhost/
  server_name localhost 192.168.0.10;

  location /railsapp/ {
    try_files $uri/index.html $uri.html $uri @unicorn;
  }

  location ~ ^/assets/(.*) {
    alias /var/www/railsapp/public/assets/$1;
  }


  location / {
    # First attempt to serve request as file, then
    # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
    #try_files $uri $uri/ =404;

    # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
    # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_pass http://unicorn;
  }

  location @unicorn {
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded_Proto $scheme;
    proxy_redirect off;

    # This passes requests to unicorn, as defined in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    proxy_pass http://unicorn;
    proxy_read_timeout 300s;
    proxy_send_timeout 300s;
  }


    error_page 500 502 503 504 /500.html;
    location = /500.html {
    root /var/www/railsapp/public;
  }

}

$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/railsapp
$ sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/railsapp

$ sudo service nginx reload
$ sudo service nginx start

 gem ‘unicorn'

$ bundle install

$ sudo apt-get install libmysqld-dev

#!/bin/sh

# File: /etc/init.d/unicorn

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: unicorn
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $syslog
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the unicorn web server
# Description: starts unicorn
### END INIT INFO

# Feel free to change any of the following variables for your app:

# ubuntuのユーザ名 （ログインユーザのこと）
USER=user1 # 各自のubuntuのユーザ名を指定。

# Replace [PATH_TO_RAILS_ROOT_FOLDER] with your application's path. I prefer
# /srv/app-name to /var/www. The /srv folder is specified as the server's
# "service data" folder, where services are located. The /var directory,
# however, is dedicated to variable data that changes rapidly, such as logs.
# Reference https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LinuxFilesystemTreeOverview for
# more information.
#APP_ROOT=[PATH_TO_RAILS_ROOT_FOLDER]
APP_ROOT=/var/www/railsapp # 各自のRailsのルートディレクトリを指定

# Set the environment. This can be changed to staging or development for staging
# servers.
RAILS_ENV=production # Railsを動作させる環境を指定

# This should match the pid setting in $APP_ROOT/config/unicorn.rb.
PID=$APP_ROOT/tmp/unicorn.pid

# A simple description for service output.
DESC="Unicorn app - $RAILS_ENV"

# If you're using rbenv, you may need to use the following setup to get things
# working properly:
RBENV_RUBY_VERSION=`cat $APP_ROOT/.ruby-version`
RBENV_ROOT="/home/$USER/.rbenv"
PATH="$RBENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"
SET_PATH="cd $APP_ROOT && rbenv rehash && rbenv local $RBENV_RUBY_VERSION"

# Unicorn can be run using `bundle exec unicorn` or `bin/unicorn`.
#UNICORN="bin/unicorn"
UNICORN="bundle exec unicorn"

# Execute the unicorn executable as a daemon, with the appropriate configuration
# and in the appropriate environment.
UNICORN_OPTS="-c $APP_ROOT/config/unicorn.rb -E $RAILS_ENV -D"
CMD="$SET_PATH && $UNICORN $UNICORN_OPTS"

# Give your upgrade action a timeout of 60 seconds.
TIMEOUT=60

# Store the action that we should take from the service command's first
# argument (e.g. start, stop, upgrade).
action="$1"

# Make sure the script exits if any variables are unset. This is short for
# set -o nounset.
set -u

# Set the location of the old pid. The old pid is the process that is getting
# replaced.
old_pid="$PID.oldbin"

# Make sure the APP_ROOT is actually a folder that exists. An error message from
# the cd command will be displayed if it fails.
cd $APP_ROOT || exit 1

# A function to send a signal to the current unicorn master process.
sig () {
test -s "$PID" && kill -$1 `cat $PID`
}

# Send a signal to the old process.
oldsig () {
test -s $old_pid && kill -$1 `cat $old_pid`
}

# A switch for handling the possible actions to take on the unicorn process.
case $action in
# Start the process by testing if it's there (sig 0), failing if it is,
# otherwise running the command as specified above.
start)
sig 0 && echo >&2 "$DESC is already running" && exit 0
su - $USER -c "$CMD"
;;

# Graceful shutdown. Send QUIT signal to the process. Requests will be
# completed before the processes are terminated.
stop)
sig QUIT && echo "Stopping $DESC" exit 0
echo >&2 "Not running"
;;

# Quick shutdown - kills all workers immediately.
force-stop)
sig TERM && echo "Force-stopping $DESC" && exit 0
echo >&2 "Not running"
;;

# Graceful shutdown and then start.
restart)
sig QUIT && echo "Restarting $DESC" && sleep 2 \
&& su - $USER -c "$CMD" && exit 0
echo >&2 "Couldn't restart."
;;

# Reloads config file (unicorn.rb) and gracefully restarts all workers. This
# command won't pick up application code changes if you have `preload_app
# true` in your unicorn.rb config file.
reload)
sig HUP && echo "Reloading configuration for $DESC" && exit 0
echo >&2 "Couldn't reload configuration."
;;

# Re-execute the running binary, then gracefully shutdown old process. This
# command allows you to have zero-downtime deployments. The application may
# spin for a minute, but at least the user doesn't get a 500 error page or
# the like. Unicorn interprets the USR2 signal as a request to start a new
# master process and phase out the old worker processes. If the upgrade fails
# for some reason, a new process is started.
upgrade)
if sig USR2 && echo "Upgrading $DESC" && sleep 10 \
&& sig 0 && oldsig QUIT
then
n=$TIMEOUT
while test -s $old_pid && test $n -ge 0
do
printf '.' && sleep 1 && n=$(( $n - 1 ))
done
echo

if test $n -lt 0 && test -s $old_pid
then
echo >&2 "$old_pid still exists after $TIMEOUT seconds"
exit 1
fi
exit 0
fi
echo >&2 "Couldn't upgrade, starting 'su - $USER -c \"$CMD\"' instead"
su - $USER -c "$CMD"
;;

# A basic status checker. Just checks if the master process is responding to
# the `kill` command.
status)
sig 0 && echo >&2 "$DESC is running." && exit 0
echo >&2 "$DESC is not running."
;;

# Reopen all logs owned by the master and all workers.
reopen-logs)
sig USR1
;;

# Any other action gets the usage message.
*)
# Usage
echo >&2 "Usage: $0 "
exit 1
;;
esac

$ sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/unicorn
$ sudo update-rc.d unicorn defaults

app_path = File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/..')

worker_processes 2
listen app_path + '/tmp/unicorn.sock', backlog: 64
timeout 300
working_directory app_path
pid app_path + '/tmp/unicorn.pid'
stderr_path app_path + '/log/unicorn.log'
stdout_path app_path + '/log/unicorn.log'

preload_app true

GC.respond_to?(:copy_on_write_friendly=) &&
GC.copy_on_write_friendly = true

before_fork do |server, worker|
defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) &&
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.disconnect!
end

after_fork do |server, worker|
defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) &&
ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection
end

listen '/tmp/unicorn.sock', backlog: 64

$ sudo service nginx start
$ sudo service unicorn start

$ sudo service nginx stop
$ sudo service unicorn stop